Gastritis is one of the most common diseases of our time.Unfortunately, this diagnosis largely deprives a person of important joys - gastronomic.A wide range of products for diseases of the stomach is prohibited, the use of many is sharply limited.What can be eaten with gastritis depending on the type and course of the disease?Are periodic deviations possible from the recommended diet and how to avoid the consequences of such violations?
What can be eaten with gastritis with high acidity
With gastritis of this type (hyperacid), doctors advise to adhere to table No. 1.
This version of the therapeutic diet is a diet with high energy value and the optimal balance of nutrients.Products that affect the gastric mucosa are excluded from it, and also increase the secretion of hydrochloric acid.Posterly hot and, conversely, cold food is also prohibited.The basis of table No. 1 is easily digestible products.
Food should be taken five to six times a day, limiting the volume of portions.
The necessary period for maintaining the diet is determined by the gastroenterologist.
The main tasks of the "first table":
- reduction in hydraulic acid secretion;
- the exclusion of aggressive chemical, temperature and physical effects on the gastric mucosa;
- improving the motor function of the gastrointestinal tract;
- removal of inflammation;
- Activation of regenerative processes.
Table No. 1 is indicated with moderate exacerbation of chronic hyperacid gastritis, with a stomach ulcer.It is also prescribed at the recovery stage after acute gastritis.
Squirrels, fats and carbohydrates in this type of diet are correlated in a proportion of 1: 1: 4.
With exacerbation of gastritis with high acidity, boiled and steam dishes are indicated.A strict option provides for eating only in a wiped state.The amount of salt is not more than 10 g per day.
Now we’ll talk objectively: what can be eaten with gastritis with high acidity?First of all, it is oatmeal, rice, semolina, buckwheat, including milk.Macaron and vermichel are permissible.In the diet, low -fat meat and fish in the form of steam meatballs, cutlets, meatballs may be present in the diet.At the recovery stage, delicate meat and fish can be boiled with a whole piece.Potatoes, pumpkin, zucchini, cauliflower, carrots, beets, fruit are allowed from vegetables - fresh and baked apricots, peaches, bananas.
The list of recommended dairy products - milk and cream, yogurt, fresh cottage cheese, cottage cheese casseroles and cheesecakes.You can drink non -acidic kefir.
The permitted first dishes are vegetable soups, dairy soups with crushed vegetables, cereals.Eggs can be boiled or steam omelet.Injected white bread, bush dough is allowed.Safe sweets for gastritis with high acidity are jelly (dairy and fruit), mousses, jelly, marshmallows, pastille, sweet fruits jam.
With gastritis of hyperacid type, you can drink non -acidic diluted juices from fruits and vegetables, jelly, dried fruits, poorly brewed tea, sometimes cocoa with milk.
The list of products and dishes prohibited for gastritis with increased secretory function is quite extensive.Excluded meat and fish with a high content of fat, smoked meats, industrial and home canned foods, spicy snacks, sauces and spices, fried dishes.You can’t eat acidic fruits and vegetables, as well as fruits with a large amount of fiber.The ban is banned by coffee, carbonated drinks, chocolate and ice cream, broths, any fresh bread, pimples, spicy cheese, screwed eggs, legumes.
Approximate menu for the day:
Breakfast: an omelet cooked in a double boiler, or viscous rice porridge in milk, weak tea.
Lunch: cottage cheese wiped with sugar.
Dinner: soup puree on vegetable broth, steam fish cutlet, puree made of cauliflower, dried fruit compote.
Afternoon snack: milk jelly, cookies from a protracted dough.
Dinner: potato puree, beef meatballs, rosehip decoction.
Before going to bed: non -acidic kefir.
What can be eaten with gastritis with reduced acidity
Table No. 2, prescribed for reduced acidity of gastric juice (gastritis of a hypoacid type), is less strict than considered above.But from the diet, gross, hard, simple -digested food, hot and cold dishes are also excluded.Power is recommended frequent, the volume of portions is small.The deadlines for compliance with the diet are consistent with the doctor.
The purpose of prescribing the treatment table No. 2 is stimulation of gastric secretion, improvement of the gastrointestinal motility.The diet is indicated for exacerbation of chronic gastritis with secretory failure, during rehabilitation after acute gastritis, as well as with enteritis and colitis.
The ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates is about the same as in the above diet.
Culinary processing of dishes, in addition to cooking and steaming, allows stewing and baking.You can not grind food.
With exacerbation of gastritis with low acidity, you can eat:
- boiled, steam and stewed dishes of low -fat red meat, poultry and fish, including minced meat;
- Dairy and silence of any cereals, except for millet, pearl barley and barley;
- Soups on vegetable, unsaturated meat or fish broth.
The list of permissible flour products includes dried white bread, baking of non -shaped dough, biscuits, dry cookies.Eggs are allowed in the form of an omelet and soft.
Dairy products for hypoacid gastritis are allowed almost any except very fat.Kefir, yogurt, yogurt, fresh cottage cheese and cottage cheese dishes are recommended.Milk with low acidity gastritis can be drunk without restrictions.
Table No. 2 allows the inclusion of different types of vegetables in the diet, with the exception of those that aggressively act on the gastric mucosa (radish, radishes, onions, garlic, pepper).They can be eaten boiled, baked or stewed.Sweet fruits in baked or wiped form are allowed.In small quantities, the jam of sweet fruits, honey, caramel, iris, marmalade, marshmallows, pastille, mousse, jelly are allowed.
Note
Can chocolate for gastritis?The answer, alas, is negative.Fat and caffeine, which is rich in a love of a treat with many, irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach, which is unacceptable in any form of gastritis.Milk chocolate is especially harmful.
Forbidden:
- fatty meat and fish;
- saturated meat and fish broths, soups from them;
- Black and fresh white bread, butter dough;
- smoked meats, pickles, canned food (including home);
- boiled hard eggs;
- fresh vegetables, fruits with rough skin and seeds;
- legumes;
- mushrooms;
- confectionery, ice cream;
- Sharp and fat sauces, spices.
Approximate menu for the day:
Breakfast: oat porridge in milk/egg, cheese, cocoa.
Dinner: chicken lapsha soup, boiled beef, buckwheat porridge, compote.
Afternoon snack: cottage cheese casserole, fruit jelly.
Dinner: baked fish, vegetable stew, herbal tea.
Before going to bed: yogurt.
What can be eaten with chronic gastritis
The remission of a chronic disease shows a therapeutic table No. 5. This is a diet with a limited lipid content and low calorie content, excluding the intake of refractory animal fats, coarse food, products rich in extractive substances.All this allows you to reduce the load on the gastrointestinal tract.Compliance with a diet is shown for at least two years.
The main tasks of table No. 5 are ensuring full nutrition, sparing digestive organs, as well as a decrease in gastric secretion, improvement of the liver and biliary tract.
The diet is indicated for any type of chronic gastritis and gastroduodenitis in remission, for diseases of the liver, gall bladder and pancreas.The approximate ratio of protein, fats and carbohydrates for this type of diet is 1: 1: 5.
From the methods of culinary processing, cooking and steaming are allowed, in rare cases - baking and extinguishing.Based on fried dishes, vegetables with a high fiber content, it is recommended to wipe the meat.
The list of permitted foods and dishes - vegetarian soups, low -fat meat, fish, porridge from any cereals.From flour - dried bread from rye and wheat flour, non -accurate pastries, dry biscuits and prolonged cookies.In the diet, you can include low -fat dairy products, emergency and unsolved cheese.Eggs are allowed in a limited amount (no more than one per day) in the form of an omelet or soft.
Vegetables for gastritis with a chronic course can eat almost any except white cabbage, radish, radishes, spinach, sorrel, green onions, garlic.But vegetable dishes should be wiped or heat -treated.Sweet types of fruit are also allowed.
You can drink compotes, non -acidic fruit juices, a decoction of rosehips, poorly brewed tea, coffee with milk.As for sweets, there are no differences with the above options for therapeutic diets.
Table No. 5 prohibits:
- any fried dishes;
- Acake baking, fresh bread, puff pastry products;
- canned food, pickles, marinades and smoked meats;
- fatty varieties of meat, poultry and fish, sausages, offal, refractory animal fats;
- meat and fish broths;
- fat dairy products, spicy cheese;
- mushrooms;
- legumes;
- confectionery, ice cream, chocolate;
- Sharp spices;
- Cold and carbonated drinks, black coffee, cocoa.
Approximate menu for the day:
Breakfast: protein omelet with vegetables or cheesecakes with raisins, tea with milk, biscuit.
Lunch: Big apple with honey.
Dinner: potato soup, steam meatballs, buckwheat porridge, tomato juice.
Afternoon snack: protein omelet with vegetables, jelly.
Dinner: boiled chicken fillet, rice, beetroot salad with prunes, rosehip decoction.
Before going to bed: kefir.
Is it possible to drink alcohol, coffee and tea for gastritis
The drinks were briefly mentioned above - when describing the types of therapeutic nutrition.Gastroenterologists advise introducing compotes, jelly, rosehip decoction, vegetable and fruit juices in a weak concentration.But what about drinks that are traditionally considered harmful, but at the same time occupy a large place in our gastronomic culture?How categorically do doctors relate to alcohol, tea and coffee?
Alcohol
AlcoholNot only is very annoying the damaged mucous membrane of the stomach, but also increases the secretion of hydrochloric acid.Therefore, with gastritis, he, of course, is contraindicated.There can be no question in the dedication of alcohol.In the stage of remission, alcohol is also extremely undesirable, especially when it comes to its regular use.
It is possible to deviate from this rule only if certain conditions are met.Firstly, alcohol can be consumed no more than once a month in a small volume (1 glass of wine, 1 beer mug, 50 grams of cognac).Secondly, drinks should be natural, without chemical additives.And finally, with gastritis, in no case should you drink alcohol on an empty stomach.
What alcohol can you drink with gastritis?
It can be red dry or semi -sweet wine, “living” non -rotted beer, high -quality vodka or cognac.Cheap wine drinks, “energy” cocktails, and can beer are categorically prohibited.Sparkling wines are unacceptable due to a large carbon dioxide content.
Coffee
CaffeineAnd the tannins contained in a invigorating drink activate the production of hydrochloric acid.Therefore, with gastritis of the hyperacid type of coffee, it is strictly contraindicated.Patients with insufficient secretory function of the stomach are allowed in small quantities (not more than 2 cups per day).In this case, the following rules must be followed:
- coffee should be diluted with milk or cream;
- The drink should not be too hot;
- It is recommended to give preference to natural freshly ground coffee, since the soluble contains a huge amount of tannins;
- Coffee, like alcohol, cannot be drunk on an empty stomach.
Of course, the periodic use of the drink is permissible only during remission.
Tea
Like coffee, black and green tea is rich in caffeine and tannins, therefore it also stimulates the secretory function.At the same time, the drink has useful properties and contributes to the speedy regeneration of the gastric mucosa.
With hypoacid gastritis, tea can be drunk without restrictions, with hyperacid - moderately.The drink should not be excessively hot and strong.Black tea is best diluted with milk.
Is a retreat from a diet allowed?
Diet therapy is one of the main methods of treating gastritis of any type, therefore it is extremely undesirable to deviate from the doctor's recommendations.However, we all know how difficult it is to abandon our favorite food, especially if a sharp change in the diet is required.How to observe a diet when gastronomic temptations are in wait at every step?
We give some tips:
It is necessary to follow the prescribed diet, avoid hunger.Long breaks between meals are harmful and on their own;In addition, a hungry person is easier to tempt to eat something forbidden.
Going to the store for products, it is better to bypass the departments of sausages, canned food and other harmful products.When there is no prohibited food in the refrigerator, it is easier to stay from temptations.
It is important that others know about the need to comply with a diet and treat this with understanding.
If possible, feasts should be avoided, where fatty, spicy dishes and alcohol are abundant.
Homemade food is preferred, including at work: taking with you the “right” lunch in the container, you will save yourself from temptation to buy something forbidden.
Nevertheless, it is very difficult to strictly observe gastronomic restrictions.Practice shows that even the most disciplined patients from time to time allow themselves to deviate from the therapeutic diet.
In cases where it is not possible to resist the use of prohibited products, it is at least necessary to minimize the risk associated with this.To prevent exacerbation of chronic gastritis, to avoid the occurrence of pain in the stomach, heartburn and other unpleasant symptoms helps, in particular, taking medicines - gastroprotectors.These are drugs related to the group of antacids and adsorbents and have enveloping and astringent properties.These include, for example, Vismuth preparations.Medicines based on this active substance form a thin film on the gastric mucosa.Within a few hours, it provides protection against the aggressive effect of hydrochloric acid and external factors (rough, spicy food, alcohol, etc.).In addition, such drugs increase their own protective properties of the mucosa and have an antiseptic effect.It is recommended to take them shortly before the alleged retreat from the diet: in this case, the risk of negative consequences is minimal.These drugs relate to over -the -counter, however, they also have a number of contraindications, so we advise you to first consult a doctor.
With gastritis of any type, it is necessary to observe a diet prescribed by the doctor.Basically, in diseases of the stomach, tables No. 1, 2 and 5 are recommended and since they all imply a large number of restrictions, it is very difficult to stay from the “forbidden fetus”.To minimize the risk of exacerbation of the disease in the case of nutrition errors, it is recommended to take gastroprotectors for the preventive purpose.